MongoDB hands-on

Posted on , updated on by Yannick Jaquier
mongoDB

Table of contents

Preamble

A fashion word for this post: NoSQL ! MongoDB is coming in one of our projects and I wanted to test it to see if it is really as simple as they say. Personally I would have chosen HBase (sub project of Hadoop) but whatever, let’s see if MongoDB is simple…

MongoDB installation

Create mongo user database owner and default data directory (/data/db, can be changed when issuing mongod daemon with –dbpath):

[root@server1 ~]# grep mong /etc/passwd
mongodb:x:502:501::/home/mongodb:/bin/bash
[root@server1 ~]# mkdir -p /data/db
[root@server1 ~]# chown -R mongodb:dba /data

Installation of binaries is as simple as:

[root@server1 ~]# su - mongodb
[mongodb@server1 ~]$ id
uid=502(mongodb) gid=501(dba) groups=501(dba)
[mongodb@server1 tmp]$ ll /tmp/mongo*
-rw-r--r--   1 mongodb dba  38156469 Mar  8 14:42 mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3.tar.gz
[mongodb@server1 tmp]$ gunzip /tmp/mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3.tgz
[mongodb@server1 tmp]$ tar xvf /tmp/mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3.tar
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/GNU-AGPL-3.0
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/README
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/bin/
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/bin/mongo
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/bin/mongotop
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/bin/mongos
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/bin/mongodump
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/bin/mongostat
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/bin/mongofiles
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/bin/mongoimport
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/bin/mongosniff
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/bin/mongorestore
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/bin/mongod
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/bin/bsondump
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/bin/mongoexport

First time start and creation of mongoDB tree:

[mongodb@server1 bin]$ /home/mongodb/mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/bin/mongod
/home/mongodb/mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/bin/mongod --help for help and startup options
Thu Mar  8 14:46:02 [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=4340 port=27017 dbpath=/data/db/ 64-bit host=server1.domain.com
Thu Mar  8 14:46:02 [initandlisten] db version v2.0.3, pdfile version 4.5
Thu Mar  8 14:46:02 [initandlisten] git version: 05bb8aa793660af8fce7e36b510ad48c27439697
Thu Mar  8 14:46:02 [initandlisten] build info: Linux ip-10-110-9-236 2.6.21.7-2.ec2.v1.2.fc8xen #1 SMP Fri Nov 20 17:48:28 EST 2009 x86_64 BOOST_LIB_VERSION=1_41
Thu Mar  8 14:46:02 [initandlisten] options: {}
Thu Mar  8 14:46:02 [initandlisten] journal dir=/data/db/journal
Thu Mar  8 14:46:02 [initandlisten] recover : no journal files present, no recovery needed
Thu Mar  8 14:46:03 [initandlisten] preallocateIsFaster=true 8.54
Thu Mar  8 14:46:04 [initandlisten] preallocateIsFaster=true 8.42
Thu Mar  8 14:46:05 [initandlisten] preallocateIsFaster=true 6.46
Thu Mar  8 14:46:05 [initandlisten] preallocating a journal file /data/db/journal/prealloc.0
                115343360/1073741824    10%
                188743680/1073741824    17%
                356515840/1073741824    33%
                471859200/1073741824    43%
                660602880/1073741824    61%
                838860800/1073741824    78%
                996147200/1073741824    92%
Thu Mar  8 14:46:28 [initandlisten] preallocating a journal file /data/db/journal/prealloc.1
                157286400/1073741824    14%
                377487360/1073741824    35%
                534773760/1073741824    49%
                618659840/1073741824    57%
                838860800/1073741824    78%
                985661440/1073741824    91%
Thu Mar  8 14:46:48 [initandlisten] preallocating a journal file /data/db/journal/prealloc.2
                209715200/1073741824    19%
                367001600/1073741824    34%
                513802240/1073741824    47%
                618659840/1073741824    57%
                859832320/1073741824    80%
                1027604480/1073741824   95%
Thu Mar  8 14:47:10 [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017
Thu Mar  8 14:47:10 [websvr] admin web console waiting for connections on port 28017
Thu Mar  8 14:48:10 [clientcursormon] mem (MB) res:15 virt:612 mapped:0
Thu Mar  8 14:48:42 [initandlisten] connection accepted from 127.0.0.1:41011 #1
Thu Mar  8 14:48:48 [FileAllocator] allocating new datafile /data/db/test.ns, filling with zeroes...
Thu Mar  8 14:48:48 [FileAllocator] creating directory /data/db/_tmp
Thu Mar  8 14:48:48 [FileAllocator] done allocating datafile /data/db/test.ns, size: 16MB,  took 0.002 secs
Thu Mar  8 14:48:48 [FileAllocator] allocating new datafile /data/db/test.0, filling with zeroes...
Thu Mar  8 14:48:48 [FileAllocator] done allocating datafile /data/db/test.0, size: 64MB,  took 0.002 secs
Thu Mar  8 14:48:48 [FileAllocator] allocating new datafile /data/db/test.1, filling with zeroes...
Thu Mar  8 14:48:48 [conn1] build index test.foo { _id: 1 }
Thu Mar  8 14:48:48 [FileAllocator] done allocating datafile /data/db/test.1, size: 128MB,  took 0.003 secs
Thu Mar  8 14:48:48 [conn1] build index done 0 records 0 secs
Thu Mar  8 14:49:10 [clientcursormon] mem (MB) res:32 virt:805 mapped:80
Thu Mar  8 14:54:10 [clientcursormon] mem (MB) res:32 virt:805 mapped:80
Thu Mar  8 14:58:01 [conn1] build index test.things { _id: 1 }
Thu Mar  8 14:58:01 [conn1] build index done 0 records 0 secs
Thu Mar  8 14:59:10 [clientcursormon] mem (MB) res:32 virt:805 mapped:80
Thu Mar  8 15:04:10 [clientcursormon] mem (MB) res:32 virt:805 mapped:80
Thu Mar  8 15:09:10 [clientcursormon] mem (MB) res:32 virt:805 mapped:80
Thu Mar  8 15:14:10 [clientcursormon] mem (MB) res:32 virt:805 mapped:80
.
.
.

And that’s it ! You are done ! You can anyway confirm all is fine on default status page (I do not understand why they call it an admin web console), –rest option needed to access details:

mongodb1
mongodb1

Usage

In another session issue mongo client and insert records in two different collections (tables):

[mongodb@server1 ~]$ export PATH=/home/mongodb/mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/bin:$PATH
[mongodb@server1 ~]$ mongo
MongoDB shell version: 2.0.3
connecting to: test
> db.foo.save( { a : 1 } )
> db.foo.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4f58b8c0488b0b5ce947464b"), "a" : 1 }
> db.things.save({b:2})
> db.things.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4f58bae9488b0b5ce947464c"), "b" : 2 }
> db.foo.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4f58b8c0488b0b5ce947464b"), "a" : 1 }
> exit
bye

If coming from standard RDBMS world you may want to have things more secure, let’s create a global account (admin database):

[mongodb@server1 ~]$ mongo
MongoDB shell version: 2.0.3
connecting to: test
> use admin
switched to db admin
>  db.addUser("yjaquier","pasword")
{ "n" : 0, "connectionId" : 3, "err" : null, "ok" : 1 }
{
        "user" : "yjaquier",
        "readOnly" : false,
        "pwd" : "cef6152f6115918222e6ee2fa7784d7a",
        "_id" : ObjectId("4f58bff8c91266fd5827c6fa")
}
> exit
bye

Then mongoDB daemon must be issued with –auth option (–cpu is for statistics and –bind_ip to listen on server IP, default port is still 27017):

[mongodb@server1 bin]$ /home/mongodb/mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.3/bin/mongod --auth --cpu --bind_ip 192.168.56.101

Now you must authenticate to access figures:

[mongodb@server1 ~]$ mongo -u yjaquier -p password 192.168.56.101:27017/admin
MongoDB shell version: 2.0.3
connecting to: 192.168.56.101:27017/admin
> use test
switched to db test
> db.foo.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4f58b8c0488b0b5ce947464b"), "a" : 1 }
> exit
bye

Not so much complex and for the ones knowing JavaScript and JSON you should not be lost… Don’t know if really an added as wit y RDBMS background I’m a bit disappointed by how figures are stored… But MongoDB added value is more on replication and sharding for scale out and high availability…

MongoVUE

Can be find at this url. Then usage is straightforward:

mongodb2
mongodb2

RockMongo

Can be downloaded at his url.

If not yet done install Apache and PHP:

Then for all those PHP tools you need the mongoDB PHP driver. I discovered that pre-compiled release is for PHP 5.2 while I have 5.3.3 on my test server. So obliged to compile it, to do it you will need to install php-devel package to have access to phpize tool:

[root@server1 tmp]# unzip -q mongodb-mongo-php-driver-1.2.9-119-gd7c19b8.zip
[root@server1 tmp]# cd mongodb-mongo-php-driver-d7c19b8
[root@server1 mongodb-mongo-php-driver-d7c19b8]# cat rebuild.sh
#!/bin/bash
 
phpize && ./configure && make clean all install
[root@server1 mongodb-mongo-php-driver-d7c19b8]# ./rebuild.sh

Once done (if no error) then a new module has been created for PHP (mongo.so):

[root@server1 ~]# ll /usr/lib64/php/modules/
total 3208
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   66160 Mar 30  2011 curl.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1843536 Mar 30  2011 fileinfo.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   36200 Mar 30  2011 json.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  980811 Mar  8 17:07 mongo.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  261392 Mar 30  2011 phar.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   83056 Mar 30  2011 zip.so

Create the PHP initialization file:

[root@server1 ~]# cat /etc/php.d/mongo.ini
; Enable redis extension module
extension=mongo.so

Then download RockMongo zip file and unzip it in your Apache document root directory:

[root@server1 html]# pwd
/var/www/html
[root@server1 html]# unzip -q /tmp/rockmongo-v1.1.0.zip

Finally to be able to connect I modified the config.php file as below:

/**
 * mini configuration for another mongo server
 */
$MONGO["servers"][$i]["mongo_name"] = "192.168.56.101";
$MONGO["servers"][$i]["mongo_host"] = "192.168.56.101";
$MONGO["servers"][$i]["mongo_port"] = "27017";
$MONGO["servers"][$i]["mongo_auth"] = true;//enable control users, works only if mongo_auth=false
$i ++;

Finally you should have something like:

mongodb3
mongodb3

References

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Yannick Jaquier

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